be cruel, be fiercer, make grievous, be in, have, seem, harden, labor, be sore,
A primitive root; properly, to be dense, i.e. Tough or severe (in various applications) -- be cruel, be fiercer, make grievous, be ((ask a), be in, have, seem, would) hard(-en, (labour), -ly, thing), be sore, (be, make) stiff(-en, (-necked)).
I. [
קָשָׁה]
verbbe hard, severe, fierce (Late Hebrew
קָשָׁהbe severe; Arabic
(
)
be hard, dry, III.
endure, struggle against, severity; Aramaic
קְשָׁא,
be hard, difficult; Jewish-Aramaic
קְשִׁי,
קַשְׁיָה adjective
hard); —
QalPerfect3feminine singular קָֽשְׁתָה1 Samuel 5:7, קָשָׁ֑תָהGenesis 49:7; Imperfect3masculine singular יִקְשֶׁהDeuteronomy 1:17; Deuteronomy 15:18, וַיִּ֫קֶשׁ2 Samuel 19:44; —
1be hard, difficultDeuteronomy 1:17 (of a legal case; מִן comparative).
2be hard, severe, יָדוֺ׳קעָלֵינוּ1Samuel 5:7 (of ׳י, in judgement); בְעֵינֶ֑ךָ׳יִק. Deuteronomy 15:18it shall not be hard in thine eyes (seem a severe trial, an injustice); of wrath Genesis 49:7 (poem in J; "" עָ֑ז); of fierce words 2 Samuel 19:44.
Niph`alParticipleנִקְשֶׁהIsaiah 8:21hardly bestead, hard pressed.
Pi`elImperfect3feminine singular וַתְּקַשׁ בְּלִדְתָּהּGenesis 35:16 (E) she made hard in her bearing (had severe labour).
Hiph`ilPerfect3masculine singular הִקְשָׁהExodus 13:15 +, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיֶּקֶשׁ2Chronicles 36:13; 3 masculine plural וַיַּקְשׁוּJeremiah 7:26 +, etc.; Infinitive construct suffix בְּהַקְשֹׁתָהּGenesis 35:17; ParticipleמַקְשֶׁהProverbs 28:14; Proverbs 29:1; —
1make difficult, difficulty:הִקְשָׁה לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּExodus 13:15 Pharaoh made difficulty about sending us away; of travail Genesis 35:17 (E; as
Pi`el); הִקְשִׁיתָלִשְׁאוֺל2 Kings 2:10thou hast made hard to ask, asked a hard thing.
2make severe, burdensome, yoke imposed by king 1 Kings 12:4 2Chronicles 10:4.
3. a.make hard, stiff, stubborn, figurative of obstinacy: וַיַּקְשׁוּ אֶתעָֿרְמָּם2 Kings 17:14they stiffened their neck, so Jeremiah 7:26; Jeremiah 17:23; Jeremiah 19:15; Deuteronomy 10:16; 2Chronicles 30:8; 36:13; Nehemiah 9:16,17,29; Proverbs 29:1; אַלתַּֿקְשׁוּ לְבַבְכֶםPsalm 95:8, compare Proverbs 28:14; subject ׳י, ׳אַקְשֶׁה אֶתלֵֿב פExodus 7:3 (P), accusative אֶתרֿוחוֺDeuteronomy 2:30,
b.shew stubbornessJob 9:4 (with אֶל person [׳י]).
Strong's Hebrew: 7185. קָשָׁה (qashah) — 28 Occurrences
Genesis 35:16
HEB:וַתֵּ֥לֶד רָחֵ֖ל וַתְּקַ֥שׁ בְּלִדְתָּֽהּ׃
NAS: birth and she suffered severe labor.
KJV: travailed, and she had hard labour.
INT: to give Rachel suffered birth
Genesis 35:17
HEB: וַיְהִ֥י בְהַקְשֹׁתָ֖הּ בְּלִדְתָּ֑הּ וַתֹּ֨אמֶר
NAS:When she was in severe labor
KJV:And it came to pass, when she was in hard labour,
INT: was in severe labor said
Genesis 49:7
HEB:וְעֶבְרָתָ֖ם כִּ֣י קָשָׁ֑תָה אֲחַלְּקֵ֣ם בְּיַעֲקֹ֔ב
NAS: And their wrath, for it is cruel. I will disperse
KJV: and their wrath, for it was cruel: I will divide
INT: and their wrath for is cruel will disperse Jacob
Exodus 7:3
HEB: וַאֲנִ֥י אַקְשֶׁ֖ה אֶת־ לֵ֣ב
NAS:But I will harden Pharaoh's heart
KJV:And I will harden Pharaoh's heart,
INT: I will harden heart Pharaoh's
Exodus 13:15
HEB:וַיְהִ֗י כִּֽי־ הִקְשָׁ֣ה פַרְעֹה֮ לְשַׁלְּחֵנוּ֒
NAS: Pharaoh was stubborn about letting us go,
KJV: And it came to pass, when Pharaoh would hardly let us go,
INT: came when was stubborn Pharaoh letting
Deuteronomy 1:17
HEB:וְהַדָּבָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יִקְשֶׁ֣ה מִכֶּ֔ם תַּקְרִב֥וּן
NAS: that is too hard for you, you shall bring
KJV: and the cause that is too hard for you, bring
INT: the case after hard is too shall bring
Deuteronomy 2:30
HEB:בּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־ הִקְשָׁה֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ
NAS: your God hardened his spirit
KJV: thy God hardened his spirit,
INT: to pass for hardened the LORD your God
Deuteronomy 10:16
HEB:וְעָ֨רְפְּכֶ֔ם לֹ֥א תַקְשׁ֖וּ עֽוֹד׃
NAS: your heart, and stiffen your neck
INT: your neck no and stiffen longer
Deuteronomy 15:18
HEB: לֹא־ יִקְשֶׁ֣ה בְעֵינֶ֗ךָ בְּשַׁלֵּֽחֲךָ֙
NAS:It shall not seem hard to you when you set
KJV:It shall not seem hard unto thee,
INT: shall not seem thee set
1 Samuel 5:7
HEB:עִמָּ֔נוּ כִּֽי־ קָשְׁתָ֤ה יָדוֹ֙ עָלֵ֔ינוּ
NAS: with us, for His hand is severe on us and on Dagon
KJV: with us: for his hand is sore upon us, and upon Dagon
INT: with for is severe his hand and
2 Samuel 19:43
HEB:אֶת־ מַלְכִּ֑י וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ דְּבַר־ אִ֣ישׁ
NAS: of Judah were harsher than
KJV: of Judah were fiercer than the words
INT: to bring the king were harsher the words of the men
1 Kings 12:4
HEB: אָבִ֖יךָ הִקְשָׁ֣ה אֶת־ עֻלֵּ֑נוּ
NAS: Your father made our yoke hard;
KJV: our yoke grievous: now therefore make thou the grievous
INT: your father made our yoke you
2 Kings 2:10
HEB: וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הִקְשִׁ֣יתָ לִשְׁא֑וֹל אִם־
NAS: You have asked a hard thing. [Nevertheless], if
KJV: Thou hast asked a hard thing: [nevertheless], if thou see
INT: said A hard have asked if
2 Kings 17:14
HEB:וְלֹ֖א שָׁמֵ֑עוּ וַיַּקְשׁ֤וּ אֶת־ עָרְפָּם֙
NAS: However, they did not listen, but stiffened their neck
KJV: Notwithstanding they would not hear, but hardened their necks,
INT: did not listen stiffened their neck their neck
2 Chronicles 10:4
HEB: אָבִ֖יךָ הִקְשָׁ֣ה אֶת־ עֻלֵּ֑נוּ
NAS: Your father made our yoke hard;
KJV: made our yoke grievous: now therefore ease
INT: your father made our yoke now
2 Chronicles 30:8
HEB:עַתָּ֕ה אַל־ תַּקְשׁ֥וּ עָרְפְּכֶ֖ם כַּאֲבוֹתֵיכֶ֑ם
NAS: Now do not stiffen your neck
KJV:Now be ye not stiffnecked, as your fathers
INT: Now not stiffen your neck your fathers
2 Chronicles 36:13
HEB:הִשְׁבִּיע֖וֹ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיֶּ֤קֶשׁ אֶת־ עָרְפּוֹ֙
NAS: [allegiance] by God. But he stiffened his neck
KJV: by God: but he stiffened his neck,
INT: swear God stiffened his neck and hardened
Nehemiah 9:16
HEB:וַאֲבֹתֵ֖ינוּ הֵזִ֑ידוּ וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־ עָרְפָּ֔ם
NAS: acted arrogantly; They became stubborn
KJV: dealt proudly, and hardened their necks,
INT: our fathers acted and hardened their necks not
Nehemiah 9:17
HEB:עָשִׂ֣יתָ עִמָּהֶ֔ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־ עָרְפָּ֔ם
NAS: among them; So they became stubborn
KJV: that thou didst among them; but hardened their necks,
INT: had performed among hardened their necks and appointed
Nehemiah 9:29
HEB:סוֹרֶ֔רֶת וְעָרְפָּ֥ם הִקְשׁ֖וּ וְלֹ֥א שָׁמֵֽעוּ׃
NAS: shoulder and stiffened their neck,
KJV: the shoulder, and hardened their neck,
INT: A stubborn their neck and stiffened not listen
Job 9:4
HEB:כֹּ֑חַ מִֽי־ הִקְשָׁ֥ה אֵ֝לָ֗יו וַיִּשְׁלָֽם׃
NAS: Who has defied Him without harm?
KJV: in strength: who hath hardened [himself] against him, and hath prospered?
INT: strength Who hardened about without
Psalm 95:8
HEB: אַל־ תַּקְשׁ֣וּ לְ֭בַבְכֶם כִּמְרִיבָ֑ה
NAS:Do not harden your hearts,
KJV:Harden not your heart,
INT: not harden your hearts the provocation
Proverbs 28:14
HEB:מְפַחֵ֣ד תָּמִ֑יד וּמַקְשֶׁ֥ה לִ֝בּ֗וֹ יִפּ֥וֹל
NAS: always, But he who hardens his heart
KJV: alway: but he that hardeneth his heart
INT: fears always hardens his heart will fall
Proverbs 29:1
HEB:אִ֣ישׁ תּ֭וֹכָחוֹת מַקְשֶׁה־ עֹ֑רֶף פֶּ֥תַע
NAS: A man who hardens [his] neck
KJV: that being often reproved hardeneth [his] neck,
INT: A man reproof hardens neck will suddenly
Isaiah 8:21
HEB:וְעָ֥בַר בָּ֖הּ נִקְשֶׁ֣ה וְרָעֵ֑ב וְהָיָ֨ה
NAS: They will pass through the land hard-pressed and famished,
KJV: And they shall pass through it, hardly bestead and hungry:
INT: will pass hard-pressed and famished become
Jeremiah 7:26
HEB:אֶת־ אָזְנָ֑ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־ עָרְפָּ֔ם
NAS: their ear, but stiffened their neck;
KJV: their ear, but hardened their neck:
INT: incline their ear stiffened their neck evil
Jeremiah 17:23
HEB:אֶת־ אָזְנָ֑ם וַיַּקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־ עָרְפָּ֔ם
NAS: their ears, but stiffened their necks
KJV: but made their neck stiff, that they might not hear,
INT: incline their ears stiffened their necks because
Jeremiah 19:15
HEB:עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּ֤י הִקְשׁוּ֙ אֶת־ עָרְפָּ֔ם
NAS: it, because they have stiffened their necks
KJV: that I have pronounced against it, because they have hardened their necks,
INT: against because have stiffened their necks not
(
) be hard, dry, III. endure, struggle against, severity; Aramaic קְשָׁא, 
be hard, difficult; Jewish-Aramaic קְשִׁי, קַשְׁיָה adjective hard); —