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Answer
There are around 200 names and titles of Christ mentioned in the Bible. Below are some of the more significant ones, categorized into three sections based on names that reveal the essence of Christ, His position within the triune God, and His mission on earth for our benefit.
Names and titles of Jesus Christ — His essence
Chief Cornerstone: “…and are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief cornerstone;”, (Ephesians 2:20) – Jesus serves as the cornerstone of His church, uniting Jews and Gentiles, men and women—bringing together all believers from every era and place into a single structure founded on faith in Him, which is shared by all.
Firstborn over all creation: “Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature:”, (Colossians 1:15) – Jesus is not the first being created by God, as some mistakenly believe, because verse 16 clarifies that all things were created through and for Christ. Instead, this designation signifies that Christ holds the highest rank and supremacy over all creation; He occupies the foremost position in the universe, surpassing all others; He stands at the pinnacle of all things.
Head of the Church: (Ephesians 1:22;Ephesians 4:15;Ephesians 5:23) – Jesus Christ, not a monarch or a pontiff, is the sole supreme, sovereign authority of the Church—those for whom He sacrificed Himself and who have placed their trust in Him alone for redemption.
Holy One: (Acts 3:14;Psalm 16:10) – Christ is inherently holy, in both His divine and human nature, andThe fountain of holiness to His people. By His death, we are made holy and pure before God.
Judge: (Acts 10:42;2 Timothy 4:8) – The Lord Jesus was appointed by God to judge the world and to dispense the rewards of eternity.
King of kings and Lord of lords: (1 Timothy 6:15;Revelation 19:16) – Jesus has dominion over all authority on the earth, over all kings and rulers, and none can prevent Him from accomplishing His purposes. He directs them as He pleases.
Light of the World: «Then spake Jesus again unto them, saying, I am the light of the world: he that followeth me shall not walk in darkness, but shall have the light of life. », (John 8:12) – Jesus came into a world darkened by sin and shed the light of life and truth through His work and His words. Those who trust in Him have their eyes opened by Him and walk in the light.
Prince of peace: «For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace. », (Isaiah 9:6) – Jesus came not to bring peace to the world as in the absence of war, but peace between God and man who were separated by sin. He died to reconcile sinners to a holy God.
Son of God: (Luke 1:35;John 1:49) – Jesus is the “only begotten of the Father” «And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth. », (John 1:14). Used 42 times in the New Testament, the term “Son of God” confirms the divinity of Christ.
Son of Man: “…and has given him authority to execute judgment also, because he is the Son of Man.”, (John 5:27) – The expression “Son of Man” highlights the humanity of Christ alongside His divinity. It is also a messianic title (Daniel 7:13-14; Mark 14:63).
Word: (John 1:1; 1 John 5:7-8) – The Word refers to the second Person of the triune God, who spoke things into existence, was with God the Father from the beginning, and through whom all things were created.
Word of God: (Revelation 19:12-13) – This title given to Christ is known only to Himself, signifying the mystery of His divine nature.
Word of Life: “That which was from the beginning, which we have heard, which we have seen with our eyes, which we have looked upon, and our hands have handled, concerning the Word of life;”, (1 John 1:1) – Jesus not only spoke words leading to eternal life but embodies the essence of life, symbolizing the eternal joy and fulfillment He offers.
Names and titles of Jesus Christ — His role in the Trinity
Alpha and Omega: (Revelation 1:8; Revelation 22:13) – Jesus identified Himself as the beginning and end of all things, a claim exclusive to the true God, emphasizing His eternal nature.
Emmanuel
(Isaiah 9:6; Matthew 1:23) – Literally “God with us.” Both Isaiah and Matthew affirm that the Christ who would be born in Bethlehem would be God Himself who came to earth in the form of a man to live among His people.
I Am: «Jesus said unto them, Verily, verily, I say unto you, Before Abraham was, I am. », (John 8:58, with Exodus 3:14) – When Jesus ascribed to Himself this title, the Jews tried to stone Him for blasphemy. They understood that He was declaring Himself to be the eternal God, the unchanging Yahweh of the Old Testament.
Lord of All: «The word which God sent unto the children of Israel, preaching peace by Jesus Christ: (he is Lord of all:) », (Acts 10:36) – Jesus is the sovereign ruler over the whole world and all things in it, of all the nations of the world, and particularly of the people of God’s choosing, Gentiles as well as Jews.
True God: «And we know that the Son of God is come, and hath given us an understanding, that we may know him that is true, and we are in him that is true, even in his Son Jesus Christ. This is the true God, and eternal life. », (1 John 5:20) – This is a direct assertion that Jesus, being the true God, is not only divine, but is the Divine. Since the Bible teaches there is only one God, this can only be describing His nature as part of the triune God.
Names and titles of Jesus Christ – His work on earth
Author and Perfecter of our Faith: «looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right hand of the throne of God. », (Hebrews 12:2) – Salvation is achieved through the faith that is a gift from God (Ephesians 2:8-9), and Jesus is both the initiator and completer of our faith. He is the origin and upholder of the faith that rescues us.
Bread of Life: (John 6:35;John 6:48) – Just as bread sustains physical life, Jesus is the Bread that provides and maintains eternal life. In the wilderness, God gave manna to nourish His people, and He gave Jesus to grant us eternal life through His broken body.
Bridegroom: «And Jesus said unto them, Can the children of the bridechamber mourn, as long as the bridegroom is with them? but the days will come, when the bridegroom shall be taken from them, and then shall they fast. », (Matthew 9:15) – The analogy of Christ as the Bridegroom and the Church as His Bride illustrates the unique bond we share with Him. We are united in an unbreakable covenant of grace.
Deliverer: «And so all Israel shall be saved: as it is written, There shall come out of Sion the Deliverer, And shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: », (Romans 11:26) – Just as the Israelites required God’s deliverance from Egyptian bondage, Christ is our rescuer from the enslavement of sin.
Good Shepherd: «I am the good shepherd: the good shepherd giveth his life for the sheep. », (John 10:11,14) «I am the good shepherd, and know my sheep, and am known of mine. », (John 10:11,14) –In Bible times, a good shepherd was willing to risk his own life to protect his sheep from predators. Jesus laid down His life for His sheep, and He cares for, nurtures, and feeds us.
High Priest: «Wherefore in all things it behoved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people. », (Hebrews 2:17) – The Jewish high priest entered the Temple once a year to make atonement for the sins of the people. The Lord Jesus performed that function for His people once for all at the cross.
Lamb of God: «The next day John seeth Jesus coming unto him, and saith, Behold the Lamb of God, which taketh away the sin of the world. », (John 1:29) – God’s Law called for the sacrifice of a spotless, unblemished Lamb as an atonement for sin. Jesus became that Lamb led meekly to the slaughter, showing His patience in His sufferings and His readiness to die for His own.
Mediator: «For there is one God, and one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus; », (1 Timothy 2:5) – A mediator is one who goes between two parties to reconcile them. Christ is the one and only Mediator who reconciles men and God. Praying to Mary or the saints is idolatry because it bypasses this most important role of Christ and ascribes the role of Mediator to another.
Rock: «and did all drink the same spiritual drink: for they drank of that spiritual Rock that followed them: and that Rock was Christ. », (1 Corinthians 10:4) – As life-giving water flowed from the rock Moses struck in the wilderness, Jesus is the Rock from which flow the living water.
Jesus is the giver of eternal life. He is the Rock on which we establish our spiritual homes, ensuring they remain unshaken by any storm.
Resurrection and Life: «Jesus said to her, I am the resurrection, and the life: whoever believes in me, though he may die, he shall live.», (John 11:25) – Jesus embodies the power to raise sinners to eternal life, just as He was raised from the grave. Our sins are buried with Him, and we are raised to walk in a new life.
Savior: (Matthew 1:21;Luke 2:11) – He saves His people by dying to redeem them, by giving the Holy Spirit to renew them through His power, by empowering them to conquer their spiritual foes, by supporting them in trials and death, and by raising them on the final day.
True Vine: «I am the true vine, and my Father is the gardener.», (John 15:1) – The True Vine provides all that the branches (believers) require to bear the fruit of the Spirit— the life-giving water of salvation and sustenance from the Word.
Way, Truth, Life: «Jesus said to him, I am the way, the truth, and the life: no one comes to the Father except through me.», (John 14:6) – Jesus is the exclusive path to God, the sole Truth in a world of falsehoods, and the only genuine source of eternal life. He embodies all three aspects both in the present and for eternity.
