When you swear ‘by the altar,’ you are swearing by it and by everything on it.
How blind! For which is more important—the gift on the altar or the altar that makes the gift sacred?
And when you swear ‘by the Temple,’ you are swearing by it and by God, who lives in it.
Now when people take an oath, they call on someone greater than themselves to hold them to it. And without any question that oath is binding.