What is a Calvinist?

Answer

Traditionally, someone was called a Calvinist for adhering to the teachings of John Calvin, a 16th-century magisterial Reformer and theologian. Calvin stressed the sovereignty of God, the unconditional election of the saved, and the irresistible grace that saves a sinner.

The “Five Points of Calvinism” are commonly discussed in relation to Calvinism and whether one aligns with it. These five points are encapsulated in the acronym TULIP: T = Total Depravity, U = Unconditional Election, L = Limited Atonement, I = Irresistible Grace, and P = Perseverance or Preservation of the Saints. Some individuals classify themselves as full, or five-point, Calvinists; others consider themselves as four-point Calvinists, etc., depending on their acceptance of the doctrines in TULIP. Nevertheless, all Calvinists concur with the doctrine of unconditional election. This doctrine asserts that God selects whom He will save based on His own will and for His own reasons, irrespective of the actions, attitudes, or choices of the sinner being saved.

The most common deviation from a five-point Calvinist is often known as a four-point Calvinist. This refers to someone who rejects the L (Limited Atonement) in TULIP. The doctrine of limited atonement teaches that Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross only covered the elect—He did not die for the entire world but solely for those who would be saved. Four-point Calvinists, who disavow this teaching, advocate for what is termed universal or unlimited atonement. According to their perspective, Jesus’ sacrifice was adequate to cover the sins of all individuals who have ever lived or will live, but it is only effective for those who embrace faith in Jesus.

Some view Calvinism as interchangeable with Reformed Theology. While there are clear connections, Reformed theology encompasses a broader range of theological concepts that extend beyond the doctrine of salvation.

Salvation. Reformed theology is frequently linked with covenant theology. Not all individuals who consider themselves Calvinists would use the “Reformed” term, and numerous Calvinists do not accept covenant theology.

Calvinists view the Bible as the literal Word of God, and they stress God’s sovereignty in the world’s events, particularly in the redemption of sinners. According to the Calvinist, salvation is entirely from God, and those who are saved are thankful beneficiaries of divine grace.