What does it mean to work out salvation with fear and trembling (Philippians 2:12)?

Answer

In Philippians 2:12-13, Paul writes, “Therefore, my dear friends, as you have always obeyed – not only in my presence, but now much more in my absence – continue to work out your salvation with fear and trembling, for it is God who works in you to will and to act according to his purpose.”

This passage is sometimes misinterpreted to instill fear, warning that it implies the possibility of losing salvation. What does it truly mean to work out our salvation with fear and trembling? Paul is not likely urging believers to live in a constant state of nervousness and anxiety. Such an interpretation would go against his numerous other encouragements towards peace, courage, and confidence in the God who initiates our salvation. The Greek term translated as “fear” in this context can also convey “reverence” or “respect.” Paul employs the same expression in «And his inward affection is more abundant toward you, whilst he remembereth the obedience of you all, how with fear and trembling ye received him. », (2 Corinthians 7:15), where he mentions Titus being uplifted by the Corinthians’ reception of him “with fear and trembling,” indicating profound humility and respect for his role as a minister of the gospel of Jesus Christ. Paul himself approached the Corinthian church in “weakness and fear, and with much trembling” «And I was with you in weakness, and in fear, and in much trembling. », (1 Corinthians 2:3), recognizing the significant and awe-inspiring nature of the task he was undertaking.

The manner in which we are instructed to work out our salvation with fear and trembling is about showing reverence and respect, rather than being consumed by dread and anxiety.Trembling is twofold. First, the Greek verb rendered “work out” means “to continually work to bring something to completion or fruition.” We do this by actively pursuing obedience in the process of sanctification, which Paul explains further in the next chapter of Philippians. He describes himself as “straining” and “pressing on” toward the goal of Christlikeness (Philippians 3:13-14). The “trembling” he experiences is the attitude Christians are to have in pursuing this goal—a healthy fear of offending God through disobedience and an awe and respect for His majesty and holiness. “Trembling” can also refer to a shaking due to weakness, but this is a weakness of higher purpose, one which brings us to a state of dependency on God. Obedience and submission to the God we revere and respect is our “reasonable service” (Romans 12:1-2) and brings great joy. Psalm 2:11 sums it up perfectly: “Serve the LORD with fear and rejoice with trembling.” We work out our salvation by going to the very source of our salvation—the Word of God—wherein we renew our hearts and minds (Romans 12:1-2), coming into His presence with a spirit of reverence and awe.